OCR text
1463 C. melitensis L. Cockspur (Australia).
Reichb. Ic. t. 65, f. 1. Flora Graeca t. 909.
South Europe—Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Dalmatia, Greece,
Malta (from whence the name melitensis is derived) ; N. Africa,
Madeira, Canaries, Azores. Adventive in South Africa—Cape
Flats ; California, South America-—Chile, where it is called
Zizana; Juan Fernandez, Australia—abundant in Queensland,
New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, intro-
duced as far back as 1844. On fallow and pasture lands it forms
thick swaths and chokes the more tender, indigenous herbs.
Annual, erect, rigid, 3-7 dm., slightly cobwebby or nearly glabrous ;
lower leaves pinnately divided; stem leaves narrow, decurrent,
entire or slightly toothed, linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate,
mucronate ; heads small, terminal, sessile above the uppermost
leaves, solitary or 2-3 clustered; involucre 13-14 mm.; bracts
spiny, the outer ones small with short palmate spines, the middle
one a rigid spine, 4-8 mm. with short divaricate spines at base,
the inner ones tapering to a very short, simple spine ; florets dull
yellow ; corolla glandular; pappus as long as the achene, of
several series of bristles.
First found in Selk. and Roxb., I. M. H., August 1908 in the same
localities as C. Solstitialis and equally common. See Z'r. Bot.
Soc. Edin. Flowering August to October.
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